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A primer on the farewell practices of various ethnic and religious
groups.
The
United States is a diverse melting pot of people. With knowledge of the
types of services that take place for the major religious and ethnic
groups and whether flowers are appropriate for each, you can better
assist your sympathy customers.
religious customs
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Protestant, Anglican |
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A funeral service
typically takes place at a funeral home or church, with a wake
or viewing occurring the prior evening. Flowers, cards and
charitable donations all are suitable expressions of sympathy.
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Roman Catholic |
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A wake or viewing takes place at a funeral home or church, and a
funeral Mass follows the next day (or the same day, if the wake
is not in the evening) in a church. The funeral often is
followed by a brief committal service at a cemetery. Prohibited
by the Roman Catholic Church until 1963, cremation has become
acceptable; however, the church prefers that it is done
following the funeral Mass. Flowers, cards and charitable
donations all are suitable expressions of sympathy. |
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Jewish (Orthodox, Conservative, Reform)
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A rabbi performs a funeral service, usually within 24 to 48
hours of the death, for immediate family. After burial, the
family “sits shiva” for seven days. During this period of
mourning, relatives and friends visit. Flowers are not
appropriate for the service or during shiva. Food is an
appropriate gift, but it must be kosher. |
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Mormon |
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Sending flowers to the funeral home or to the home of the family
is an appropriate expression of sympathy. |
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Muslim (Islam) |
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Funeral services are conducted in a mosque and followed by
burial in a cemetery. Flowers are not appropriate. Food can be
sent to the home of the family. |
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Hindu |
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.After a visitation period, either in the home or at a funeral
home, the deceased is cremated. Flowers are not appropriate.
Fruit is the best way to convey sympathy. |
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Buddhist |
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Flowers, fruits, candles and incense can be set on an altar in
front of the casket along with the deceased’s portrait. Friends
and family members place in the casket small pieces of paper,
which symbolize a monetary gift for use in the afterlife.
Flowers are suitable expressions of sympathy, but red flowers
are not appropriate. Instead, use white flowers to symbolize
mourning. Food is not appropriate. |
ethnic
customs
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Hispanic |
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More than 70 percent of Hispanics in the United States identify
themselves as Catholic, so many customs of the Catholic faith
apply. At grave sites, families usually stay for the lowering of
the casket and pass out flowers for family members to place on
top of the casket as it is being lowered. |
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African-American |
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A wake during which music is played or sung takes place. Some
African-Americans hold a “home-going” service, which reflects
the personality of the deceased and celebrates the conviction of
going home to Jesus. A funeral service is followed by a burial.
Cremation is less accepted. |
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Chinese |
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After the viewing, the
family often will place money or monetary symbols into the
casket as a gift for use in the afterlife. This also is a
tradition of Buddhism, which is among five official religions in
China. (The Chinese also practice Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and
Protestantism.) Flowers may or may not be appropriate depending
on religion. Red should not be present because it is considered
a “happy” color. |
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Japanese |
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Because the Japanese typically cremate their deceased, most
services are memorial in nature. The urn with the cremated
remains is usually present along with a large photograph of the
deceased. Flowers may or may not be appropriate depending on
religion. The primary religions in Japan are Shinto, Buddhism
and Taoism. |
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Korean |
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A service consisting of a viewing, prayers and songs usually
takes place the evening before the funeral gathering. Flowers
are a large part of the service and include special ribbons
containing Korean messages. The primary religions in Korea are
Buddhism and Christianity. |
These guidelines may vary
from region to region. Consult with the funeral director assisting the
family if there are any doubts about what is appropriate.
Thanks to the National Funeral Directors Association in Brookfield, Wis.
(www.nfda.org) and Stewart Enterprises, Inc., a leading provider of
funeral and cemetery products and services, with headquarters in
Jefferson, La. |